Tag: International Cooperation

Henry Kissinger, prominent diplomat and political thinker, played a key role in shaping US foreign policy. He employed realpolitik strategies, as known as pursuing pragmatic policies, to ease tensions during the Cold War. Kissinger’s diplomacy re-established US-China relations and negotiated the end of the Vietnam War. However, he remains controversial figure in U.S. politics for…

Established in 1995, the World Trade Organization (WTO) is dedicated to facilitating global trade. To this end, the WTO oversees more than 60 treaties on removing trade barriers, facilitating market access and promoting economic growth. If a WTO member state is believed to violate trade rules, members have pledged not to take action unilaterally. Instead,…

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organisation of 10 member states, promoting regional peace and stability and accelerating economic growth. It promotes the “ASEAN Way” which refers to an approach to solving issues that respect the region’s cultural norms. Its key principles include non-interference in domestic affairs and consensus-based decision-making.

The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member states that pursues a stimulation of economic progress and world trade. Its member countries describe themselves as committed to democracy and the market economy. The OECD provides a platform to its members to compare policy experiences, identify good practices, and…

The World Bank is an international financial institution which provides loans, grants, and technical assistance to developing countries for financial projects. Its primary goal is to reduce poverty in the world by providing aid for building infrastructures and addressing debt problems of the Third World economies. It focuses on assisting nations in achieving sustainable growth…

Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the US, played a pivotal role in shaping the post-World War II international order. He sought to prevent future global conflicts by fostering diplomatic cooperation among nations. He worked with the other Allied leaders to lay the groundwork for the UN, promoting that it becomes a forum for…

As Soviet leader (1985-1991), Mikhail Gorbachev redefined global politics. His policies of openness (glasnost) and restructuring (perestroika) led to the end of the Cold War and to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev’s leadership introduced new political and economic freedoms in the Soviet Union. His role in the German reunification process and arms reduction…

Liberalist theorists argue that peace is achieved through cooperation, institutions, peaceful interaction among states. It contends that international cooperation can lead to the promotion of common interests. Liberalism emphasises the importance of international institutions in providing forum for diplomacy to prevent conflict among states. Unlike realism, liberalism sees that states pursue not only their own…