Author: Pablo Mathis

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The United Nations is an intergovernmental organisation founded in 1945 to promote international cooperation and peace. Its main objectives include maintaining global security, fostering economic developments, advancing human rights, and addressing humanitarian crises. The UN has several principal operational bodies which are involved in various activities ranging from the military domain such as peacekeeping operations…

PEAK Oil

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The Hubbert Curve: This theory suggests that oil production follows a bell-shaped curve; “Peak Oil” is the point in time when the maximum rate of extraction is reached, after which production begins to decline. Economic Impact: Historically, this term triggered fears of “resource scarcity” and global economic collapse due to rising fuel costs. Shift in…

Franklin D. Roosevelt

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Franklin D. Roosevelt, the 32nd President of the US, played a pivotal role in shaping the post-World War II international order. He sought to prevent future global conflicts by fostering diplomatic cooperation among nations. He worked with the other Allied leaders to lay the groundwork for the UN, promoting that it becomes a forum for…

Power Transition Theory

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The Power Transition Theory suggests that the international system is stable when power is concentrated with one dominant power that maintains the status quo, and that the probability of war increases when power is evenly distributed among rising powers. This theory particularly emphasises the potential for war during a transitional phase, as the established power…

Mutually Assured Destruction

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Mutually Assured Destruction (MAD) is a nuclear doctrine first coined by Herman Kahn of the US Hudson Institute. It asserts that a nuclear attack would result in the annihilation of both parties. MAD assumes the attacked party would retain enough nuclear weapons to launch a second strike. During the second strike, the attacker would also…

Herodotus

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Born in 484 BCE, Herodotus wrote the “Histories,” an account of the Greco-Persian wars. Using reason (gnome), Herodotus sought to combine eyewitness accounts (akoe), hearsay (opsis), and tradition (prolegomena) of both belligerents. Thus, Herodotus’ quest to identify the causes behind events departed from conventional explanations, attributing events to acts of God. This method of inquiry…

Mikhail Gorbachev

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As Soviet leader (1985-1991), Mikhail Gorbachev redefined global politics. His policies of openness (glasnost) and restructuring (perestroika) led to the end of the Cold War and to the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Gorbachev’s leadership introduced new political and economic freedoms in the Soviet Union. His role in the German reunification process and arms reduction…

International Atomic Energy Agency

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The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organisation that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy while preventing its misuse for military purposes. The IAEA monitors nuclear activities, inspects facilities, and helps to ensure the international safeguards and non-proliferation agreements. The agency also provides technical assistance to member states in nuclear…

Zbigniew Brzezinski

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As national security advisor, Brzezinski helped attain the 1978 Egypt-Israel Peace Treaty. Notably, Brzezinski orchestrated a departure from the Nixon administration’s détent with the Soviet Union. Believing détent had only emboldened the Soviet Union, Brzezinski sought to challenge the Soviet Union on the grounds of human rights and international law.

Interpol

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