Author: Jokin de Carlos Sola
-
NATO and the IP4 – Closer Cooperation Incoming?
Main question: How and to what extent is cooperation between NATO and the Indo-Pacific Four evolving? Argument: Cooperation is deepening across political, military, and industrial domains, but remains selective and shaped by differing national priorities. Conclusion: NATO’s Indo-Pacific role is becoming a flexible, network-based partnership—expanding, yet strategically limited and non-alliance-based.
-
Diversifying Eastward
How can the EU use trade relations with ASEAN to diversify its economic ties and reduce strategic dependencies amid growing geopolitical competition? EU–ASEAN trade remains uneven, with Singapore and Vietnam dominating current exchanges, while Indonesia’s economic potential has been underutilised. Deepening EU–ASEAN trade can strengthen European strategic autonomy, but only if trade policy is embedded…
-
Poland–Korea: A New Defence Alliance
How are Poland and South Korea expanding defence cooperation, and what are the strategic implications? Poland gains rapid access to advanced weaponry and industrial growth, while Korea secures a strategic entry into Europe as a global defence exporter. The partnership could become a lasting model of Europe–Asia defence cooperation if localisation and NATO integration succeed.